negative ion beam facilities

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Negative Ion Implanter beam Facility (NIIBF)

Ion implanter accelerator facility at Inter University Accelerator Centre provides varieties of highly stable, collimated negative and singly charged ion beams with variable low energies, 30 to 200KeV and current intensities, few nA to few μA. This makes the facility an excellent tool to do research in material science through ion-solid interaction in nuclear energy loss regime such as material synthesis, device fabrication and material modifications. The features of the facility are as follows.

  • Room temperature, high vacuum (5x 10-6 Torr) implants
  • The obtainable minimum beam spot size is 5mmX 5mm (variable with different energies and ion species)
  • Control over the beam incident angle to the wafer of implantation
  • Precision area doping by careful masking
  • Precise dopant depth profile predefined by its ion energy
  • No energy contaminant
  • Implantation free from other impurities such as oxygen and hydrogen is possible.

The accelerator equipment essentially consists of an ion source, an accelerating column, mass analyzer and a target chamber, where the ions impinge on a target. The design and development of the facility has been done indigenously with several beam line components developed in-house at IUAC such as high voltage platforms, electrostatic Quadrupole triplets lens, electrostatic Quadrupole steerers and high vacuum experimental chambers.

IMPLANTER FACILITY
Fig. 1 IMPLANTER FACILITY
source and acceleration column
Fig. 2 Source and acceleration column
Ion Beam line and target chamber
Fig. 3 Ion Beam line and target chamber

Ion SOURCE and beam transportation

The ion source in use for generating negative ions is MC-SNICS. The source and its electronic devices are placed on a high voltage platform (200kV) and those are controlled through optical fiber communications. Ion source uses accelerated cesium ions striking a cold cathode to produce a negative ion beam of cathode material, provided the material could form negative ions. A conical-shaped tantalum ionizer immersed in cesium vapor produces cesium positive ions. These positive ions are accelerated towards the negatively biased cathode, which then accelerates negative ions always from the cathode. Not all elements form stable negative ions. Molecular ions are used in those cases by choosing the lightest possible molecule, such as hydrides.

Ion beams extracted from the source are accelerated through three accelerating tubes and mass analyzed by a dipole magnet and injected into the beamline at ninety degrees. The figures show; 1) Implanter facility, 2) ion source at the high voltage platform and the accelerating column for the acceleration of ions and 3) the dipole magnet which switches the ion beams to the beamline. A target chamber at the end of the beamline has the provision of both linear and rotational movement of the target wafer. Linear movement is controlled by using motorized linear motion feedthrough while rotational movement is done manually.

Available ion species

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Ion beams accelerated through the implanter accelerator system and had been utilized for experiments are given below with their current intensities.

I. Elemental Ion Beams

7Li
100nA
11B
400nA
12C
1µA
16O
1µA
27Al
130nA
28Si
1µA
31P
1µA
32S
200nA
48Ti
400nA
56Fe
200nA
58Ni
1µA
59Co
1µA
63Cu
1µA
74Ge
500nA
107Ag
1µA
197Au
1.1µA

II. Molecular Ion Beams

24C2
1µA
49TiH
1µA
54CrH2
1µA
145SrF3
70nA
40MgO
100nA

Research Activities

I. Ion source related developments

Ion species for which attempts were made to improve their current intensities and development of new ion species beams as per experimental demand

Tb
No current
Pb
13nA
Ge
1uA
56Fe
200 nA
MgO
50nA
TbH
15nA
152Sm
Sample made, avoided testing as it causes ionizer poisoning
62Cr
few nA
62CrH
350 nA
62CrH2
1uA

II. Material science experiments

The facility is in use mainly for material science researches such as material synthesis, device fabrication and material modifications.

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